:root {
    --primary: #0a192f;
    /*--primary: #65082d;*/
    --secondary: #00b4d8;
    --accent: #f9c80e;
    --light: #f8f9fa;
    --dark: #172b4d;
    --success: #2a9d8f;
    --card-bg: #ffffff;
    --section-bg: #f8fcff;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
    color: #333;
    background: #f5f7fa;
    line-height: 1.6;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5 {
    font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif;
    font-weight: 700;
}

a{
    text-decoration:none;
}

/* Header Styles */
.top-bar {
    /*background: var(--primary);*/
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--secondary) 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 6px 0;
    font-size: 14px;
}

.social-icons a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    margin-left: 12px;
    font-size: 15px;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.social-icons a:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.main-header {
    background: white;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    padding: 12px 0;
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.main-header.scrolled {
    padding: 8px 0;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.logo-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo {
    height: 65px;
    margin-right: 15px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    /*box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);*/
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.logo:hover {
    transform: scale(1.03);
}

.journal-name {
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 22px;
    color: var(--primary);
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.journal-subtitle {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: var(--secondary);
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.3;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* FIXED NAVIGATION STYLES */
.navbar .nav-link {
color: var(--dark) !important;
font-weight: 500;
font-size: 14px;
position: relative;
padding: 8px 15px !important;
white-space: nowrap;
transition: color 0.3s;
}

.navbar .nav-link:not(.dropdown-toggle):after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
width: 0;
height: 3px;
background: var(--accent);
transition: width 0.3s;
}

.navbar .nav-link:not(.dropdown-toggle):hover:after {
width: 100%;
}

.navbar .nav-link:hover {
color: var(--secondary) !important;
}

.navbar .nav-link.active {
color: var(--secondary) !important;
font-weight: 600;
}

.navbar .nav-link.active:not(.dropdown-toggle):after {
width: 100%;
}

/* Keep dropdown styles intact */
.navbar .dropdown-menu {
border-radius: 8px;
border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
padding: 10px 0;
}

.navbar .dropdown-item {
padding: 8px 20px;
font-size: 14.5px;
transition: all 0.3s;
}

.navbar .dropdown-item:hover {
background: rgba(0, 180, 216, 0.1);
color: var(--secondary);
transform: translateX(5px);
}

.navbar .dropdown-toggle::after {
vertical-align: middle;
margin-left: 5px;
}

.btn-submit {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent) 0%, #ff9e16 100%);
    color: var(--primary) !important;
    padding: 9px 22px !important;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    font-size: 15px;
    margin-left: 10px;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(249, 200, 14, 0.3);
}

.btn-submit:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 15px rgba(249, 200, 14, 0.4);
    color: var(--primary) !important;
}

.navbar-toggler {
    border: none;
    box-shadow: none !important;
}

.navbar-toggler:focus {
    box-shadow: none !important;
}

/* Banner Styles */
.banner {
    /*background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, #1e3a8a 100%);*/
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--secondary) 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 80px 0 100px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.banner::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1532094349884-543bc11b234d?ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D&auto=format&fit=crop&w=2070&q=80');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    opacity: 0.15;
}

.banner-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    text-align: center;
}

.banner h1 {
    font-weight: 800;
    font-size: 46px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    line-height: 1.3;
}

.banner p {
    font-size: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 35px;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.search-box {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 30px auto 0;
    position: relative;
}

.search-box input {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 16px 25px;
    border-radius: 60px;
    border: none;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    font-size: 16px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
}

.search-box button {
    position: absolute;
    right: 6px;
    top: 6px;
    background: var(--accent);
    color: var(--primary);
    border: none;
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 60px;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.search-box button:hover {
    background: #ffb224;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/*.stat-item {*/
/*    text-align: center;*/
/*    padding: 15px;*/
/*    transition: all 0.3s;*/
/*    position: relative;*/
/*    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);*/
/*backdrop-filter: blur(10px);*/
/*border-radius: 16px;*/
/*border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);*/
/*padding: 25px;*/
/*margin-top: 50px;*/
/*position: relative;*/
/*z-index: 2;*/
/*box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);*/
/*height:200px;*/
/*}*/

/*.stat-item:hover {*/
/*    transform: translateY(-5px);*/
/*}*/

/*.stat-item:not(:last-child):after {*/
/*    content: '';*/
/*    position: absolute;*/
/*    right: 0;*/
/*    top: 50%;*/
/*    transform: translateY(-50%);*/
/*    width: 1px;*/
/*    height: 60%;*/
/*    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);*/
/*}*/

/*.stat-icon {*/
/*    font-size: 32px;*/
/*    color: var(--accent);*/
/*    margin-bottom: 15px;*/
/*}*/

/*.stat-value {*/
/*    font-size: 20px;*/
/*    font-weight: 700;*/
/*    color: white;*/
/*    margin-bottom: 5px;*/
/*    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);*/
/*    margin-top: 10px;*/
/*}*/

/*.stat-label {*/
/*    font-size: 15px;*/
/*    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);*/
/*    font-weight: 500;*/
/*}*/

/* =========================================
   BANNER STATS
========================================= */

.stats-container {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 10;
    margin-top: 45px;
}

.stats-container .row {
    position: relative;
}


/* Connecting line between cards */
.stats-container .row::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;

    left: 8%;
    right: 8%;
    top: 50%;

    height: 1px;

    background: linear-gradient(
        90deg,
        transparent,
        rgba(255,255,255,.22),
        rgba(255,255,255,.22),
        transparent
    );

    z-index: 0;
}


/* =========================================
   CARD
========================================= */

.stat-item {
    position: relative;

    min-height: 205px;

    padding: 30px 22px 24px;

    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;

    text-align: center;

    overflow: hidden;

    border-radius: 22px;

    background:
        linear-gradient(
            145deg,
            rgba(255,255,255,.17),
            rgba(255,255,255,.055)
        );

    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.20);

    backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(18px);

    box-shadow:
        0 20px 45px rgba(0,0,0,.16),
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.14);

    transition:
        transform .45s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1),
        border-color .45s ease,
        box-shadow .45s ease,
        background .45s ease;

    z-index: 2;
}


/* Background glow */

.stat-item::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    width: 170px;
    height: 170px;

    top: -95px;
    right: -75px;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: var(--accent);

    opacity: .10;

    filter: blur(35px);

    transition: .5s ease;
}


/* Bottom accent */

.stat-item::after {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    left: 18%;
    right: 18%;
    bottom: 0;

    height: 2px;

    background: linear-gradient(
        90deg,
        transparent,
        var(--accent),
        transparent
    );

    opacity: .4;

    transition: .4s ease;
}


/* =========================================
   STEP NUMBER
========================================= */

.stat-number {
    position: absolute;

    top: 15px;
    right: 18px;

    font-size: 10px;

    font-weight: 800;

    letter-spacing: 1.5px;

    color: rgba(255,255,255,.42);
}


/* =========================================
   ICON
========================================= */

.stat-icon {
    width: 58px;
    height: 58px;

    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;

    margin-bottom: 17px;

    border-radius: 17px;

    background: rgba(255,255,255,.09);

    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.17);

    color: var(--accent);

    font-size: 23px;

    box-shadow:
        0 8px 22px rgba(0,0,0,.13),
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.12);

    transition:
        transform .4s ease,
        background .4s ease,
        box-shadow .4s ease;
}


/* =========================================
   CONTENT
========================================= */

.stat-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.stat-value {
    margin-bottom: 7px;

    color: #fff;

    font-size: 18px;

    font-weight: 750;

    line-height: 1.25;

    letter-spacing: -.2px;

    text-shadow:
        0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.20);
}

.stat-label {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,.75);

    font-size: 14px;

    font-weight: 500;

    line-height: 1.5;

    min-height: 21px;
}


/* =========================================
   SMALL STATUS LABEL
========================================= */

.stat-step {
    position: absolute;

    left: 18px;
    top: 17px;

    padding: 4px 8px;

    border-radius: 50px;

    background: rgba(255,255,255,.07);

    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);

    color: rgba(255,255,255,.48);

    font-size: 8px;

    font-weight: 700;

    letter-spacing: 1px;

    opacity: 0;

    transform: translateY(-5px);

    transition: .35s ease;
}


/* =========================================
   HOVER
========================================= */

.stat-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-9px);

    background:
        linear-gradient(
            145deg,
            rgba(255,255,255,.22),
            rgba(255,255,255,.075)
        );

    border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.34);

    box-shadow:
        0 28px 60px rgba(0,0,0,.22),
        0 0 35px rgba(255,255,255,.035),
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.20);
}

.stat-item:hover::before {
    opacity: .18;
    transform: scale(1.3);
}

.stat-item:hover::after {
    left: 8%;
    right: 8%;
    opacity: .8;
}

.stat-item:hover .stat-icon {
    transform: translateY(-4px) scale(1.08);

    background: rgba(255,255,255,.14);

    box-shadow:
        0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,.18),
        0 0 20px rgba(255,255,255,.06);
}

.stat-item:hover .stat-step {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}


/* =========================================
   MOBILE
========================================= */

@media (max-width: 767px) {

    .stats-container {
        margin-top: 30px;
    }

    .stats-container .row {
        row-gap: 14px;
    }

    .stats-container .row::before {
        display: none;
    }

    .stat-item {
        min-height: 175px;

        padding: 28px 12px 20px;

        border-radius: 18px;
    }

    .stat-icon {
        width: 48px;
        height: 48px;

        margin-bottom: 13px;

        border-radius: 14px;

        font-size: 19px;
    }

    .stat-value {
        font-size: 15px;
    }

    .stat-label {
        font-size: 12px;
    }

    .stat-step {
        display: none;
    }

}


/* =========================================
   SMALL MOBILE
========================================= */

@media (max-width: 420px) {

    .stat-item {
        min-height: 160px;
    }

    .stat-value {
        font-size: 14px;
    }

    .stat-label {
        font-size: 11px;
    }

}
/* ============================================================
   BANNER INFORMATION CARDS
============================================================ */

.banner-stats-wrapper {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 5;

    width: 100%;
    margin-top: 35px;
}

/* ============================================================
   CARD
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card {
    position: relative;

    min-height: 170px;

    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;

    padding: 25px 18px;

    text-align: center;

    border-radius: 18px;

    /* Glass effect */
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.13);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);

    backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(14px);

    box-shadow:
        0 12px 35px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16),
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);

    overflow: hidden;

    transition:
        transform 0.35s ease,
        box-shadow 0.35s ease,
        background 0.35s ease,
        border-color 0.35s ease;
}

/* ============================================================
   TOP LIGHT EFFECT
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card::before {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    top: 0;
    left: 0;

    width: 100%;
    height: 1px;

    background: linear-gradient(
        90deg,
        transparent,
        rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7),
        transparent
    );

    opacity: 0.8;
}

/* ============================================================
   GLOW EFFECT
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card::after {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;

    top: -55px;
    right: -45px;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: var(--accent, #d4af37);

    opacity: 0.12;

    filter: blur(25px);

    pointer-events: none;
}

/* ============================================================
   HOVER
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);

    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.19);

    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.42);

    box-shadow:
        0 20px 45px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24),
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

/* ============================================================
   ICON
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card__icon {
    width: 52px;
    height: 52px;

    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;

    margin-bottom: 14px;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);

    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22);

    color: var(--accent, #d4af37);

    font-size: 21px;

    box-shadow:
        0 6px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);

    transition:
        transform 0.35s ease,
        background 0.35s ease,
        color 0.35s ease;
}

.banner-info-card:hover .banner-info-card__icon {
    transform: scale(1.08) rotate(-3deg);

    background: var(--accent, #d4af37);

    color: #ffffff;
}

/* ============================================================
   TITLE
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card__title {
    margin-bottom: 7px;

    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96);

    font-size: 14px;

    font-weight: 600;

    line-height: 1.3;

    letter-spacing: 0.15px;
}

/* ============================================================
   VALUE / DATE
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card__value {
    color: #ffffff;

    font-size: 13px;

    font-weight: 500;

    line-height: 1.45;

    word-break: break-word;

    text-shadow:
        0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

/* ============================================================
   OPTIONAL ACCENT LINE
============================================================ */

.banner-info-card__content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.banner-info-card__content::after {
    content: "";

    display: block;

    width: 30px;
    height: 2px;

    margin: 11px auto 0;

    border-radius: 10px;

    background: var(--accent, #d4af37);

    opacity: 0.8;

    transition:
        width 0.3s ease,
        opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.banner-info-card:hover
.banner-info-card__content::after {
    width: 50px;
    opacity: 1;
}

/* ============================================================
   LARGE DESKTOP
============================================================ */

@media (min-width: 1200px) {

    .banner-stats-wrapper {
        margin-top: 45px;
    }

    .banner-info-card {
        min-height: 175px;

        padding: 28px 20px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__icon {
        width: 55px;
        height: 55px;

        font-size: 22px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__title {
        font-size: 15px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__value {
        font-size: 13px;
    }
}

/* ============================================================
   TABLET
============================================================ */

@media (max-width: 991.98px) {

    .banner-stats-wrapper {
        margin-top: 30px;
    }

    .banner-info-card {
        min-height: 155px;

        padding: 22px 14px;

        border-radius: 16px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__icon {
        width: 46px;
        height: 46px;

        margin-bottom: 11px;

        font-size: 18px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__title {
        font-size: 13px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__value {
        font-size: 12px;
    }
}

/* ============================================================
   MOBILE
============================================================ */

@media (max-width: 767.98px) {

    .banner-stats-wrapper {
        margin-top: 25px;
    }

    .banner-info-card {
        min-height: 145px;

        padding: 18px 10px;

        border-radius: 14px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__icon {
        width: 42px;
        height: 42px;

        margin-bottom: 9px;

        font-size: 16px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__title {
        font-size: 12px;

        line-height: 1.25;
    }

    .banner-info-card__value {
        font-size: 11px;

        line-height: 1.4;
    }

    .banner-info-card__content::after {
        margin-top: 8px;
    }
}

/* ============================================================
   SMALL MOBILE
============================================================ */

@media (max-width: 400px) {

    .banner-stats-wrapper {
        margin-top: 20px;
    }

    .banner-info-card {
        min-height: 135px;

        padding: 15px 7px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__icon {
        width: 38px;
        height: 38px;

        font-size: 14px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__title {
        font-size: 11px;
    }

    .banner-info-card__value {
        font-size: 10px;
    }
}

/* Main Content Styles */
.section-title {
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    text-align: center;
}

.section-title:after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    width: 80px;
    height: 4px;
    background: var(--accent);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.feature-card {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: all 0.4s ease;
    height: 100%;
    border: none;
}

.feature-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.card-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--secondary) 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 20px;
    border-bottom: none;
}

.card-body {
    padding: 25px;
}

.testimonial-card {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 25px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: all 0.3s;
    height: 100%;
    border: none;
}

.testimonial-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.author-img {
    width: 70px;
    height: 70px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    object-fit: cover;
    border: 3px solid var(--accent);
}

.topic-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(0, 180, 216, 0.15);
    color: var(--secondary);
    padding: 6px 15px;
    border-radius: 30px;
    font-size: 14px;
    margin: 5px;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.topic-badge:hover {
    background: var(--secondary);
    color: white;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.section-bg {
    background: var(--section-bg);
    padding: 80px 0;
}

/* Featured Publications */
.publication-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: all 0.3s;
    height: 100%;
    margin: 10px;
}

.publication-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.pub-header {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--secondary) 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 15px;
}

.pub-body {
    padding: 20px;
}

.pub-title {
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: var(--primary);
}

.pub-meta {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: #666;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.pub-abstract {
    font-size: 15px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    display: -webkit-box;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.pub-link {
    color: var(--secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.pub-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}

/* Call for Papers */
.call-to-action {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, #1a3a8a 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 60px 0;
    border-radius: 12px;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin: 80px 0;
}

.call-to-action::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1451187580459-43490279c0fa?ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D&auto=format&fit=crop&w=2072&q=80');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    opacity: 0.1;
}

.cta-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}

.cta-title {
    font-size: 32px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.cta-text {
    font-size: 18px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.btn-cta {
    background: var(--accent);
    color: var(--primary);
    padding: 12px 30px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 16px;
    border: none;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.btn-cta:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    color: var(--primary);
}

/* Footer Styles */
.main-footer {
    background: var(--primary);
    color: white;
    padding: 80px 0 0;
    position: relative;
}

.main-footer::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 15px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent), var(--secondary));
}

.footer-title {
    font-size: 22px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
}

.footer-title:after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 50px;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--accent);
}

.footer-links a {
    display: block;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    text-decoration: none;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    transition: all 0.3s;
    padding: 5px 0;
}

.footer-links a i {
    margin-right: 10px;
    color: var(--accent);
    transition: transform 0.3s;
}

.footer-links a:hover {
    color: white;
    transform: translateX(8px);
}

.footer-links a:hover i {
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

.contact-info p {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

.contact-info i {
    margin-right: 15px;
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 20px;
    min-width: 20px;
    margin-top: 4px;
}

.index-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: white;
    padding: 8px 15px;
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 14px;
    margin: 0 8px 12px 0;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.index-badge:hover {
    background: var(--accent);
    color: var(--primary);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.copyright {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    padding: 20px 0;
    margin-top: 60px;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 14px;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.copyright a {
    color: var(--accent);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.copyright a:hover {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Animation */
@keyframes float {
    0% { transform: translateY(0px); }
    50% { transform: translateY(-10px); }
    100% { transform: translateY(0px); }
}

.floating {
    animation: float 4s ease-in-out infinite;
}

/* Carousel */
.carousel-control-prev, .carousel-control-next {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    background: var(--primary);
    border-radius: 50%;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    opacity: 1;
}

.carousel-control-prev {
    left: -20px;
}

.carousel-control-next {
    right: -20px;
}

.carousel-control-prev-icon, .carousel-control-next-icon {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
}

/* Responsive Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 1199px) {
    .journal-name {
        font-size: 20px;
    }
    .banner h1 {
        font-size: 40px;
    }
    .carousel-control-prev {
        left: 0;
    }
    .carousel-control-next {
        right: 0;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 991px) {
    .banner {
        padding: 60px 0 80px;
    }
    .banner h1 {
        font-size: 34px;
    }
    .stat-item {
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    .stat-item:not(:last-child):after {
        display: none;
    }
    .logo-container {
        justify-content: center;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
    .cta-title {
        font-size: 28px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .banner {
        padding: 50px 0 70px;
    }
    .banner h1 {
        font-size: 30px;
    }
    .banner p {
        font-size: 18px;
    }
    .top-bar .col-md-6 {
        text-align: center !important;
        margin-bottom: 5px;
    }
    .social-icons {
        justify-content: center;
        margin-top: 5px;
    }
    .top-links {
        display: flex;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: center;
    }
    .section-title {
        font-size: 26px;
    }
    .call-to-action {
        margin: 60px 0;
    }
    .cta-title {
        font-size: 24px;
    }
    .cta-text {
        font-size: 16px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 575px) {
    .logo {
        height: 55px;
    }
    .journal-name {
        font-size: 18px;
    }
    .banner h1 {
        font-size: 26px;
    }
    .stat-value {
        font-size: 26px;
    }
    .pub-header h5 {
        font-size: 16px;
    }
    .btn-submit {
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-top: 10px;
    }
}



    .section-header {
        text-align: center;
        margin-bottom: 50px;
        padding: 0 20px;
    }

    .section-header h1 {
        font-weight: 700;
        color: var(--dark);
        font-size: 2.8rem;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
        position: relative;
        display: inline-block;
    }

    .section-header h1:after {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        bottom: -10px;
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
        width: 80px;
        height: 4px;
        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
        border-radius: 2px;
    }

    .section-header p {
        color: #6c757d;
        font-size: 1.2rem;
        max-width: 700px;
        margin: 25px auto 0;
        line-height: 1.7;
    }

/*    .paper-card {*/
/*        background: white;*/
/*        border-radius: 12px;*/
/*        overflow: hidden;*/
/*        box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);*/
/*        transition: all 0.4s ease;*/
/*        margin-bottom: 30px;*/
/*        height: 100%;*/
/*        border: none;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .paper-card:hover {*/
/*        transform: translateY(-10px);*/
/*        box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);*/
/*    }*/

/*   .paper-image {*/
    /* height: 200px; */
/*    overflow: hidden;*/
/*    position: relative;*/
/*    text-align: center;*/
/*    padding: 10px 0px;*/
/*}*/

/*    .paper-image img {*/
/*width: 100%;*/
/*height: 100%;*/
/*object-fit: cover;*/
/*transition: transform 0.5s ease;*/
/*height: 200px;*/
/*width: 200px;*/
/*border-radius: 50%;*/
/*border: 3px solid #f9c30e;*/
/*}*/

/*    .paper-card:hover .paper-image img {*/
/*        transform: scale(1.05);*/
/*    }*/

/*    .paper-badge {*/
/*        position: absolute;*/
/*        top: 15px;*/
/*        right: 15px;*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary), var(--secondary));*/
/*        color: white;*/
/*        padding: 5px 15px;*/
/*        border-radius: 20px;*/
/*        font-size: 0.85rem;*/
/*        font-weight: 600;*/
/*        box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.3);*/
/*    }*/

/*    .paper-content {*/
/*        padding: 25px;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .paper-title {*/
/*        font-weight: 600;*/
/*        color: var(--dark);*/
/*        font-size: 1.3rem;*/
/*        margin-bottom: 15px;*/
/*        line-height: 1.4;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .paper-author {*/
/*        display: flex;*/
/*        align-items: center;*/
/*        margin-bottom: 20px;*/
/*        color: #6c757d;*/
/*        font-size: 0.95rem;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .paper-author i {*/
/*        margin-right: 8px;*/
/*        color: var(--primary);*/
/*    }*/

/*    .paper-actions {*/
/*        display: grid;*/
/*        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;*/
/*        gap: 12px;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .action-btn {*/
/*        display: flex;*/
/*        align-items: center;*/
/*        justify-content: center;*/
/*        padding: 10px;*/
/*        border-radius: 8px;*/
/*        font-weight: 600;*/
/*        font-size: 0.9rem;*/
/*        text-align: center;*/
/*        transition: all 0.3s ease;*/
/*        cursor: pointer;*/
/*        text-decoration: none;*/
/*        border: none;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .action-btn i {*/
/*        margin-right: 6px;*/
/*        font-size: 1rem;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .btn-certificate {*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--accent), #27ae60);*/
/*        color: white;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .btn-certificate:hover {*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, #27ae60, #219653);*/
/*        transform: translateY(-2px);*/
/*        box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(46, 204, 113, 0.3);*/
/*    }*/

/*    .btn-download {*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary), #2980b9);*/
/*        color: white;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .btn-download:hover {*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, #2980b9, #2573a7);*/
/*        transform: translateY(-2px);*/
/*        box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.3);*/
/*    }*/

/*    .btn-text-version {*/
/*        grid-column: span 2;*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--secondary), #8e44ad);*/
/*        color: white;*/
/*        padding: 10px;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .btn-text-version:hover {*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, #8e44ad, #7d3c98);*/
/*        transform: translateY(-2px);*/
/*        box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(155, 89, 182, 0.3);*/
/*    }*/

/*    .stats-bar {*/
/*        display: flex;*/
/*        justify-content: space-between;*/
/*        background: #f8f9fa;*/
/*        padding: 15px 25px;*/
/*        border-top: 1px solid #e9ecef;*/
/*        color: #6c757d;*/
/*        font-size: 0.9rem;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .stat-item-paper {*/
/*        display: flex;*/
/*        align-items: center;*/
/*    }*/

/*    .stat-item-paper i {*/
/*        margin-right: 5px;*/
/*        color: var(--primary);*/
/*    }*/

/*    .featured-tag {*/
/*        position: absolute;*/
/*        top: 15px;*/
/*        left: 15px;*/
/*        background: linear-gradient(to right, #e74c3c, #c0392b);*/
/*        color: white;*/
/*        padding: 5px 15px;*/
/*        border-radius: 20px;*/
/*        font-size: 0.85rem;*/
/*        font-weight: 600;*/
/*        box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(231, 76, 60, 0.3);*/
/*        z-index: 2;*/
/*    }*/

/*    @media (max-width: 768px) {*/
/*        .section-header h1 {*/
/*            font-size: 2.2rem;*/
/*        }*/

/*        .paper-actions {*/
/*            grid-template-columns: 1fr;*/
/*        }*/

/*        .btn-text-version {*/
/*            grid-column: 1;*/
/*        }*/
/*    }*/

```css
/* =========================================================
   PREMIUM PUBLICATIONS SECTION
========================================================= */

.premium-publications {
    position: relative;
    padding: 90px 0;
    background: #f7f8f6;
    overflow: hidden;
}


/* Subtle background detail */

.premium-publications::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;

    width: 500px;
    height: 500px;

    top: -250px;
    right: -180px;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: rgba(46, 125, 50, 0.045);

    pointer-events: none;
}

.premium-publications::after {
    content: "";

    position: absolute;

    width: 350px;
    height: 350px;

    bottom: -200px;
    left: -150px;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: rgba(241, 184, 45, 0.04);

    pointer-events: none;
}


/* =========================================================
   SECTION HEADER
========================================================= */

.publication-heading {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;

    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-end;
    justify-content: space-between;

    gap: 40px;

    margin-bottom: 48px;
}

.publication-heading-text {
    max-width: 750px;
}

.publication-eyebrow {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 9px;

    margin-bottom: 14px;

    color: var(--primary);

    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 800;

    letter-spacing: 2px;
}

.publication-eyebrow span {
    width: 28px;
    height: 2px;

    background: var(--primary);

    display: inline-block;
}

.premium-publications .section-title {
    margin: 0 0 12px;

    color: var(--dark);

    font-size: clamp(32px, 4vw, 48px);

    font-weight: 750;

    line-height: 1.1;

    letter-spacing: -1.3px;
}

.section-description {
    max-width: 650px;

    margin: 0;

    color: #707770;

    font-size: 15px;

    line-height: 1.75;
}


/* View all */

.publication-view-all {
    flex-shrink: 0;

    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;

    padding: 12px 18px;

    border: 1px solid #dfe4df;
    border-radius: 50px;

    background: #fff;

    color: var(--dark);

    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;

    text-decoration: none;

    transition: all .3s ease;
}

.publication-view-all i {
    font-size: 11px;

    transition: transform .3s ease;
}

.publication-view-all:hover {
    color: #fff;

    background: var(--primary);

    border-color: var(--primary);

    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.publication-view-all:hover i {
    transform: translate(2px, -2px);
}


/* =========================================================
   GRID
========================================================= */

.publication-grid {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
}


/* =========================================================
   CARD
========================================================= */

.publication-card {
    position: relative;

    height: 100%;

    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;

    overflow: hidden;

    background: #fff;

    border: 1px solid #e8ebe7;

    border-radius: 18px;

    box-shadow:
        0 8px 25px rgba(23, 42, 31, 0.055);

    transition:
        transform .4s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1),
        box-shadow .4s ease,
        border-color .4s ease;
}

.publication-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-7px);

    border-color: #d7ded8;

    box-shadow:
        0 20px 45px rgba(23, 42, 31, 0.11);
}


/* =========================================================
   TOP BAR
========================================================= */

.publication-top {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;

    padding: 17px 20px;

    border-bottom: 1px solid #edf0ed;

    background: #fcfdfc;
}

.publication-type {
    color: var(--primary);

    font-size: 9px;

    font-weight: 800;

    letter-spacing: 1.5px;
}

.publication-date {
    color: #929992;

    font-size: 11px;

    font-weight: 500;
}

.publication-date i {
    margin-right: 5px;
}


/* =========================================================
   AUTHOR
========================================================= */

.publication-author-block {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;

    gap: 13px;

    padding: 22px 22px 8px;
}

.publication-avatar {
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;

    flex-shrink: 0;

    overflow: hidden;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: #f0f3ef;

    border: 2px solid #eef2ed;
}

.publication-avatar img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;

    object-fit: cover;

    transition: transform .5s ease;
}

.publication-card:hover .publication-avatar img {
    transform: scale(1.08);
}

.publication-author {
    min-width: 0;
}

.publication-author span {
    display: block;

    margin-bottom: 3px;

    color: #9ba29b;

    font-size: 8px;

    font-weight: 800;

    letter-spacing: 1.3px;
}

.publication-author strong {
    display: block;

    overflow: hidden;

    color: #38423b;

    font-size: 14px;

    font-weight: 650;

    white-space: nowrap;

    text-overflow: ellipsis;
}


/* =========================================================
   CONTENT
========================================================= */

.publication-content {
    flex: 1;

    padding: 15px 22px 22px;
}

.publication-title {
    margin: 0;

    color: #1d2821;

    font-size: 19px;

    font-weight: 700;

    line-height: 1.45;

    letter-spacing: -.25px;

    display: -webkit-box;

    -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;

    overflow: hidden;
}

.publication-divider {
    /*width: 35px;*/
    /*height: 2px;*/

    margin: 19px 0;

    /*background: var(--primary);*/

    /*transition: width .35s ease;*/
}

/*.publication-card:hover .publication-divider {*/
/*    width: 60px;*/
/*}*/


/* =========================================================
   ACTIONS
========================================================= */

.publication-actions {
    display: grid;

    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;

    gap: 8px;
}

.publication-action {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;

    gap: 7px;

    min-height: 39px;

    padding: 8px 10px;

    border: 1px solid #e4e9e4;

    border-radius: 8px;

    color: #4c574f;

    background: #fff;

    font-size: 13px;

    font-weight: 600;

    text-decoration: none;

    transition: all .3s ease;
}

.publication-action i {
    font-size: 10px;
}

.publication-action:hover {
    color: var(--primary);

    border-color: var(--primary);

    background: #f5faf5;
}

.publication-primary {
    /*color: #fff;*/

    /*background: var(--primary);*/

    /*border-color: var(--primary);*/
    background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--secondary), var(--primary));
    color: white;
}

.publication-primary:hover {
    color: #fff;

    background: #246b38;

    border-color: #246b38;

    transform: translateY(-1px);
}


/* Text version */

.publication-text-link {
    grid-column: span 2;

    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;

    padding: 4px 2px 0;

    color: #68736b;

    font-size: 13px;

    font-weight: 600;

    text-decoration: none;

    transition: color .25s ease;
}

.publication-text-link i {
    font-size: 9px;

    transition: transform .25s ease;
}

.publication-text-link:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}

.publication-text-link:hover i {
    transform: translateX(4px);
}

.publication-text-link.disabled {
    opacity: .45;

    cursor: default;
}


/* =========================================================
   META FOOTER
========================================================= */

.publication-meta {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;

    padding: 12px 20px;

    border-top: 1px solid #edf0ed;

    background: #fafbfa;

    color: #9aa19b;

    font-size: 13px;

    font-weight: 600;
}

.publication-meta span:first-child {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;

    gap: 6px;
}

.publication-meta i {
    color: var(--primary);
}

.publication-meta-arrow {
    width: 25px;
    height: 25px;

    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;

    border-radius: 50%;

    background: #fff;

    border: 1px solid #e8ece8;

    transition: all .3s ease;
}

.publication-card:hover .publication-meta-arrow {
    color: #fff;

    background: var(--primary);

    border-color: var(--primary);

    transform: rotate(45deg);
}


/* =========================================================
   RESPONSIVE
========================================================= */

@media (max-width: 991px) {

    .publication-heading {
        align-items: flex-start;
    }

    .publication-view-all {
        margin-top: 5px;
    }

}

@media (max-width: 767px) {

    .premium-publications {
        padding: 65px 0;
    }

    .publication-heading {
        display: block;

        margin-bottom: 32px;
    }

    .publication-view-all {
        margin-top: 20px;
    }

    .premium-publications .section-title {
        font-size: 32px;
    }

    .publication-card {
        border-radius: 16px;
    }

    .publication-title {
        font-size: 17px;
    }

}

@media (max-width: 480px) {

    .publication-actions {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .publication-text-link {
        grid-column: span 1;
    }

}


 .impact-section {
        padding: 60px 0;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f0f4f8 100%);
        position: relative;
        overflow: hidden;
    }

    .impact-section::before {
        content: "";
        position: absolute;
        top: -50px;
        right: -50px;
        width: 200px;
        height: 200px;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
        border-radius: 50%;
        opacity: 0.1;
        z-index: 0;
    }

    .impact-section::after {
        content: "";
        position: absolute;
        bottom: -80px;
        left: -50px;
        width: 250px;
        height: 250px;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent), var(--primary));
        border-radius: 50%;
        opacity: 0.08;
        z-index: 0;
    }

    .section-header-impact {
        text-align: center;
        margin-bottom: 50px;
        position: relative;
        z-index: 2;
    }

    .section-header-impact h2 {
        font-weight: 700;
        color: var(--dark);
        font-size: 2.5rem;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
        position: relative;
        display: inline-block;
    }

    .section-header-impact h2::after {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        bottom: -10px;
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
        width: 80px;
        height: 4px;
        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
        border-radius: 2px;
    }

    .impact-container {
        position: relative;
        z-index: 2;
    }

    .impact-card {
        background: white;
        border-radius: 15px;
        overflow: hidden;
        box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
        transition: all 0.4s ease;
        height: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 25px;
        position: relative;
        border: none;
    }

    .impact-card:hover {
        transform: translateY(-10px);
        box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    }
    .section-padding{
        padding:60px 0px;
    }

    .impact-image {
        height: 200px;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        background: #f8f9fa;
        padding: 20px;
        position: relative;
        overflow: hidden;
    }

    .impact-image img {
        max-height: 120px;
        max-width: 100%;
        transition: transform 0.5s ease;
        filter: grayscale(0.3);
    }

    .impact-card:hover .impact-image img {
        transform: scale(1.05);
        filter: grayscale(0);
    }

    .impact-overlay {
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.9), rgba(155, 89, 182, 0.9));
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        opacity: 0;
        transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
        text-align: center;
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .impact-card:hover .impact-overlay {
        opacity: 1;
    }

    .impact-overlay h3 {
        color: white;
        font-weight: 600;
        font-size: 1.4rem;
        margin: 0;
        line-height: 1.4;
        text-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
    }

    .impact-overlay h3 br {
        display: block;
        content: "";
        margin: 8px 0;
    }

    .impact-stats {
        padding: 25px 20px;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .impact-stat-value {
        font-size: 2rem;
        font-weight: 700;
        color: var(--primary);
        margin-bottom: 5px;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
        -webkit-background-clip: text;
        -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    }

    .impact-stat-label {
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        color: var(--dark);
        font-weight: 500;
    }

    .btn-view-more-impact {
        display: inline-block;
        margin-top: 20px;
        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--secondary), var(--primary));
        color: white;
        font-weight: 600;
        padding: 12px 40px;
        border-radius: 30px;
        text-decoration: none;
        transition: all 0.3s ease;
        border: none;
        box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(155, 89, 182, 0.3);
    }

    .btn-view-more-impact:hover {
        transform: translateY(-3px);
        box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(155, 89, 182, 0.4);
    }

    @media (max-width: 768px) {
        .section-header-impact h2 {
            font-size: 2rem;
        }

        .impact-overlay h3 {
            font-size: 1.2rem;
        }
    }


.indexing-section {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}

.section-heading h2 {
color: #2c3e50;
position: relative;
padding-bottom: 15px;
}

.heading-border {
height: 3px;
width: 80px;
background: linear-gradient(90deg, #3498db, #2ecc71);
display: block;
margin-top: 10px;
}

.indexing-logo {
background: white;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 1.5rem;
height: 120px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
transition: all 0.3s ease;
border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
}

.indexing-logo:hover {
transform: translateY(-5px);
box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.indexing-logo img {
max-height: 110px;
width: auto;
/*filter: grayscale(100%);*/
opacity: 1;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.indexing-logo:hover img {
filter: grayscale(0);
opacity: 1;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 767.98px) {
.indexing-logo {
    padding: 1rem;
    height: 100px;
}
.indexing-logo img {
    max-height: 50px;
}
}

@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
.indexing-logo {
    height: 90px;
    padding: 0.8rem;
}
}



    /* About Hero Section */
    .about-hero {
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--secondary) 100%);
        padding: 100px 0 70px;
        color: white;
        position: relative;
        overflow: hidden;
    }

    .about-hero::before {
        content: "";
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
        background: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1497366754035-f200968a6e72?ixlib=rb-4.0.3&ixid=M3wxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8fA%3D%3D&auto=format&fit=crop&w=2070&q=80');
        background-size: cover;
        background-position: center;
        opacity: 0.15;
    }

    /* Main Content Area */
    .main-content {
        /*display: flex;*/
        /*flex-wrap: wrap;*/
        padding: 60px 0;
    }

    /* Sidebar Styles */
    .sidebar {
        width: 320px;
        background: #fff;
        border-radius: 12px;
        box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
        padding: 25px;
        height: fit-content;
        position: sticky;
        top: 100px;
        margin-top:40px;
    }

    .sidebar-title {
        font-size: 22px;
        font-weight: 700;
        color: var(--primary);
        margin-bottom: 25px;
        padding-bottom: 15px;
        border-bottom: 3px solid var(--accent);
        position: relative;
    }

    .sidebar-title::after {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        bottom: -3px;
        left: 0;
        width: 60px;
        height: 3px;
        background: var(--secondary);
    }

    .sidebar-links {
        list-style: none;
        padding: 0;
        margin: 0;
    }

    .sidebar-links li {
        margin-bottom: 12px;
    }

    .sidebar-links a {
        display: block;
        padding: 12px 15px;
        background: #f8f9fa;
        border-radius: 8px;
        color: var(--dark);
        font-weight: 500;
        transition: all 0.3s;
        position: relative;
    }

    .sidebar-links a:hover {
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary) 0%, var(--secondary) 100%);
        color: white;
        transform: translateX(8px);
        padding-left: 20px;
    }

    .sidebar-links a::before {
        content: '';
        position: absolute;
        left: 0;
        top: 0;
        width: 4px;
        height: 100%;
        background: var(--accent);
        border-radius: 8px 0 0 8px;
        opacity: 0;
        transition: opacity 0.3s;
    }

    .sidebar-links a:hover::before {
        opacity: 1;
    }

    .sidebar-links a.active {
        background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
        color: white;
        transform: translateX(8px);
        padding-left: 20px;
    }

    .sidebar-links a.active::before {
        opacity: 1;
    }

    .sidebar-card {
        background: var(--section-bg);
        border-radius: 12px;
        padding: 20px;
        margin-top: 25px;
        border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
    }

    .sidebar-card h4 {
        color: var(--primary);
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }

    .stat-card {
        display: flex !important;
        align-items: center !important;
        margin-bottom: 20px !important;
        padding-bottom: 20px !important;
        border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) !important;
    }

    .stat-card:last-child {
        margin-bottom: 0;
        padding-bottom: 0;
        border-bottom: none;
    }

    .stat-icon {
        width: 50px;
        height: 50px;
        background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
        border-radius: 10px;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        margin-right: 15px;
        color: white;
        font-size: 20px;
    }

    .stat-content h3 {
        margin: 0;
        color: var(--primary);
    }

    .stat-content p {
        margin: 0;
        color: #666;
        font-size: 14px;
    }

    /* Content Styles */
    .content-section {
        margin-bottom: 60px;
    }

    .section-title {
        position: relative;
        padding-bottom: 15px;
        margin-bottom: 30px;
    }

.breadcrumb-item a{
color:#fff;
}


    /* Responsive adjustments */
    @media (max-width: 1199px) {
        .content-wrapper {
            padding-right: 20px;
        }

        .sidebar {
            width: 280px;
        }
    }

    @media (max-width: 991px) {


        .content-wrapper {
            padding-right: 0;
            margin-bottom: 40px;
        }

        .sidebar {
            width: 100%;
            position: static;
        }
    }

    @media (max-width: 767px) {
        .about-hero {
            padding: 80px 0 50px;
        }

        .journal-name {
            font-size: 20px;
        }

    }



 .section-title-left{
     text-align:left !important;
 }
 .section-title-left:after {
content: '';
position: absolute;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
width: 80px;
height: 4px;
background: var(--accent);
border-radius: 2px;
transform: none !important;
}
.breadcrumb-item.active {
color:var(--accent);
}
ul.topic-list {
        list-style: none;
        padding-left: 0;
     }

     ul.topic-list li.topic-item {
        position: relative;
        padding-left: 25px;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
        font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
        font-size: 16px;
        color: #333;
     }

     ul.topic-list li.topic-item::before {
        content: '\f111'; /* Font Awesome solid circle */
        font-family: 'Font Awesome 6 Free';
        font-weight: 900;
        position: absolute;
        left: 0;
        top: 3px;
        color: #007BFF;
        font-size: 10px;
     }
     .default-text-list .heading{
            font-size: 22px;
            font-weight: 500;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
     }

   .default-text-block  ul {
list-style: none;
padding-left: 0;
margin: 0 0 1rem 0;
}

.default-text-block ul li {
position: relative;
padding-left: 25px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
font-size: 16px;
color: #333;
}

.default-text-block ul li::before {
content: '\f111'; /* Font Awesome solid circle */
font-family: 'Font Awesome 6 Free';
font-weight: 900;
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: 3px;
color: #007BFF; /* Blue dot */
font-size: 10px;
}

.check-status {
background: var(--accent);
color: var(--primary);
border: none;
padding: 12px 30px;
border-radius: 60px;
font-weight: 600;
transition: all 0.3s;
box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}
      .author-sidebar-links .list-group-item {
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            font-size: 15px;
            color: #333;
            padding: 12px 15px;
            border-left: 4px solid transparent;
        }

        .author-sidebar-links .list-group-item:hover {
            background-color: #f1f9ff;
            color: #007fbc;
            border-left: 4px solid #007fbc;
            text-decoration: none;
        }

        .author-sidebar-links .fa {
            transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        }

        .author-sidebar-links .list-group-item:hover .fa {
            transform: scale(1.1);
        }




        .sidebar {
            position: sticky;
            top: 81px;
            background-color: var(--light);
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 1.5rem;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(10, 25, 47, 0.05);
            height: calc(100vh - 40px);
            overflow-y: auto;
        }

        .sidebar-list {
            list-style: none;
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
        }

        .sidebar-list li {
            margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
        }

        .sidebar-list a {
            color: var(--dark);
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: all 0.3s ease;
            display: block;
            padding: 0.5rem 0;
        }

        .sidebar-list a:hover {
            color: var(--secondary);
            padding-left: 5px;
        }

        .sidebar-list .list-header {
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--primary);
            margin-top: 1.5rem;
            margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        }

        .stats-card {
            background-color: var(--secondary);
            color: var(--light);
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 1.5rem;
            text-align: center;
            margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
        }

        .stats-number {
            font-size: 2rem;
            font-weight: 700;
            margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        }

        .stats-label {
            font-size: 1rem;
            opacity: 0.9;
        }

        .alert-info {
            background-color: var(--section-bg);
            border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
            color: var(--dark);
            padding: 1rem;
            border-radius: 6px;
            margin-bottom: 1rem;
        }


   .topic_table_name {
        background: white;
        border-radius: 15px;
        box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
        overflow: hidden;
        margin: 30px auto;
        padding: 20px;
    }
    .topic_table_name .table-header {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
        color: white;
        padding: 25px 20px;
        border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;
        margin: -20px -20px 25px -20px;
        text-align: center;
    }
   .topic_table_name  .table-header h2 {
        font-weight: 700;
        margin: 0;
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
 .topic_table_name    .table-header p {
        opacity: 0.9;
        margin: 10px 0 0;
        font-size: 1.1rem;
    }
    .topic_table {
        border-radius: 10px;
        overflow: hidden;
    }
   .topic_table  .table {
        border-collapse: separate;
        border-spacing: 0;
        margin-bottom: 0;
    }
   .topic_table  .table thead th {
        background: #09364f;
        color: white;
        font-weight: 600;
        padding: 16px 20px;
        text-align: center;
        border: none;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody tr {
        transition: all 0.25s ease;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody tr:hover {
        background-color: rgba(77, 123, 255, 0.05);
        transform: translateY(-1px);
        box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody td {
        padding: 18px 20px;
        vertical-align: middle;
        border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
        font-weight: 500;
        color: #495057;
        position: relative;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody td:first-child {
        border-left: 2px solid #09364f;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody td:last-child {
        border-right: 2px solid #09364f;
    }
   .topic_table .topic_table  .table tbody tr:first-child td {
        border-top: 2px solid #09364f;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody tr:last-child td {
        border-bottom: 2px solid #09364f;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody td b {
        color: #2c3e50;
        font-weight: 600;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody tr:nth-child(even) {
        background-color: #f8fbff;
    }
   .topic_table  .table-icon {
        position: absolute;
        left: -8px;
        top: 50%;
        transform: translateY(-50%);
        background: #09364f;
        color: white;
        width: 24px;
        height: 24px;
        border-radius: 50%;
        display: flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
        font-size: 12px;
        opacity: 0;
        transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
    }
   .topic_table  .table tbody tr:hover .table-icon {
        opacity: 1;
    }
   .t_footer_topic {
        display: flex;
        justify-content: space-between;
        align-items: center;
        margin-top: 20px;
        padding: 15px 10px;
        color: #6c757d;
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    @media (max-width: 768px) {
       .topic_table .table-header h2 {
            font-size: 1.6rem;
        }
        .topic_table .table-header p {
            font-size: 0.95rem;
        }
        .topic_table .table tbody td {
            padding: 14px 12px;
            font-size: 0.92rem;
        }
    }


                               .issue_list{
                                   list-style-type:none;
                               }
                               .default-text-block .issue_list li::before {
                                        content: '';
                                        font-family: 'Font Awesome 6 Free';
                                        font-weight: 900;
                                        position: absolute;
                                        left: 0;
                                        top: 3px;
                                        color: #007BFF;
                                        font-size: 10px;
                                    }


    @media(max-width:600px){
        .stat-icon {
            margin: auto;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
            .stat-item {
            display: block;
        }
        .paper-image img {
            height: 130px;
            width: 130px;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }
    }



     /* Table Wrapper */
     .past_issue_table-responsive {
     margin: 20px auto;
     }
     /* Table Base */
     .past_issue_table {
     border-collapse: separate;
     border-spacing: 0;
     width: 100%;
     border-radius: 12px;
     overflow: hidden;
     }
     /* Table Header */
     .past_issue_table thead th {
     background: var(--primary);
     color: var(--light);
     font-weight: 600;
     text-transform: uppercase;
     letter-spacing: 0.5px;
     padding: 12px;
     font-size: 18px;
     border: none;
     }
     /* Table Body */
     .past_issue_table tbody td {
     background: var(--card-bg);
     color: var(--dark);
     padding: 12px;
     font-size: 18px;
     vertical-align: middle;
     border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
     }
     .past_issue_table tbody td a{
     color: var(--dark);
     }
     /* Hover Effect */
     .past_issue_table tbody tr:hover td {
     background: rgba(0, 180, 216, 0.08);
     transition: all 0.3s ease;
     }
     /* Button Styles */
     .past_issue_table a.btn {
     font-size: 13px;
     font-weight: 500;
     padding: 6px 14px;
     border-radius: 25px;
     transition: 0.3s ease;
     }
     /* Primary Button */
     .past_issue_table a.btn-primary {
     background: var(--secondary);
     border: none;
     color: #fff;
     }
     .past_issue_table a.btn-primary:hover {
     background: var(--accent);
     color: var(--primary);
     transform: scale(1.05);
     }
     /* Responsive Fix */
     @media (max-width: 576px) {
     .past_issue_table thead {
     display: none;
     }
     .past_issue_table tr {
     display: flex;
     margin-bottom: 15px;
     border: 1px solid #ddd;
     border-radius: 10px;
     overflow: hidden;
     }
     .past_issue_table td {
     display: block;
     text-align: right;
     padding: 10px;
     font-size: 14px;
     border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
     }
     .past_issue_table tbody td {
     background: var(--card-bg);
     color: var(--dark);
     padding: 12px;
     font-size: 15px;
     vertical-align: middle;
     border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
     width: 100%;
     text-align: center;
     }
     .past_issue_table td:last-child {
     border-bottom: none;
     }
     .past_issue_table td::before {
     content: attr(data-label);
     float: left;
     font-weight: 600;
     color: var(--primary);
     }
     }

/* ==========================================================================
   HOME PAGE — components & utilities
   Everything below is scoped under body.home-page (set on the home page's
   <body> tag) so it can never apply to, or collide with, any internal page —
   even if an internal page happens to reuse one of these class names.
   ========================================================================== */

/* --- Small reusable text utilities (replace repeated inline styles) --- */
.home-page .section-subtitle {
    max-width: 700px;
    margin: 10px auto 0;
}

.home-page .text-sm {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.home-page .title-sm {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.home-page .news-date {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.home-page .author-name {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--dark);
}

.home-page .section-rounded {
    border-radius: 16px;
}

/* --- Quick Facts bar (between banner and main content) ---
   Was previously reusing .stats-bar / .stat-item / .stat-num / .stat-sub,
   which collided with the unrelated .stat-item card used in the banner
   (frosted-glass, 200px tall) and two classes (.stat-num/.stat-sub) that
   had no rules at all. Given its own component below. */
.home-page .quick-facts {
    background: var(--card-bg);
    border-top: 1px solid #e9ecef;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
    padding: 28px 0;
    position: relative;
    z-index: 3;
}

.home-page .quick-facts-item {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 6px 15px;
    position: relative;
}

.home-page .quick-facts-item:not(:last-child):after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 1px;
    height: 60%;
    background: #e9ecef;
}

.home-page .quick-facts-num {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    line-height: 1.2;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary), var(--secondary));
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
}

.home-page .quick-facts-label {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--dark);
    margin-top: 2px;
}

.home-page .quick-facts-sub {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: #6c757d;
    margin-top: 2px;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
    .home-page .quick-facts-item:not(:last-child):after {
        display: none;
    }
    .home-page .quick-facts-item {
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
    .home-page .quick-facts-item:last-child {
        margin-bottom: 0;
    }
}

/* --- Subject / discipline cards: fix icon-to-label gap in the card header
   (scoped to .subject-card only, so the shared .card-header rule used
   elsewhere on the site is untouched) --- */
.home-page .subject-card .card-header {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.home-page .subject-card .card-header .icon {
    font-size: 24px;
    line-height: 1;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

/* --- "How to Publish" step badge + link (was fully inline, repeated 4x) --- */
.home-page .step-badge {
    width: 46px;
    height: 46px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent), #ff9e16);
    color: var(--primary);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(249, 200, 14, 0.3);
}

.home-page .step-link {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 10px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* --- "Why Choose Us" cards (built on the existing .testimonial-card, was
   fully inline and also referenced an undefined var(--muted) token) --- */
.home-page .why-card {
    text-align: center;
}

.home-page .why-card .why-icon {
    font-size: 34px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    color: var(--secondary);
}

.home-page .why-card h4 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary);
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.home-page .why-card p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #6c757d;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* --- FAQ accordion, themed to match the rest of the site --- */
.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-item {
    border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-item:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-button {
    font-family: 'Roboto Slab', serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary);
    background: var(--section-bg);
    padding: 18px 22px;
    box-shadow: none;
}

.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-button:not(.collapsed) {
    color: var(--primary);
    background: rgba(0, 180, 216, 0.08);
    box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 #e9ecef;
}

.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-button:focus {
    box-shadow: none;
    border-color: transparent;
}

.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-body {
    padding: 18px 22px;
    color: #495057;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-body a {
    color: var(--secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
}

.home-page .faq-accordion .accordion-body a:hover {
    color: var(--primary);
}