eview on Coverage and capacity improvement of millimeter wave 5G network

Authors: Shagufta Khan, Prof. Deepak Mishra

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Abstract

Many of the technologies driving both the global economy and societal development, such as the Internet of Things, Industry 4.0 and Smart Healthcare, depend on adequate capacity and coverage of digital connectivity. It is therefore essential that wireless connectivity can be delivered in a cost-efficient way by Mobile Network Operators, for the benefit of all digital ecosystem actors. The contribution of this paper is to analyze the capacity, coverage and cost of different enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) infrastructure strategies, as the industry moves towards integrating new 5G spectrum bands and identifying existing networks. Both a supply-driven and demand-driven investment analysis is undertaken using a case study of the Netherlands As the number of internet user is increasing exponentially, demand of bandwidth, speed and carrier frequencies are also raising proportionally. To meet the users demand, existing 4G is not enough, hence the requirement of high speed and superior quality internet leads 5G network. The technology of 5G network needs huge number of devices and unmatched numbers of antennae which must support many number of new applications with lots of enhanced features in terms of speed, data rate, latency, coverage capacity, spectral efficiency etc. This paper reviewed some of the general aspects 5G network and focus on two important features namely spectral efficiency and coverage capacity

Introduction

Cellular and Mobile communication is quickly emerging finished an excellent developed voice communication as well as tremendous improvement in data streaming. Radio technologies promote of the equivalent cellular structure in the year of 1980’s.That growth we seen in 1G, 2G, 3G to 4Gare Presently we are learning about 5G system. Since it provides more speed than other earlier generations. Here from the beginning of 1stgeneration 1G in 1980, second generation 2G in 1990, third generation 3G in 2000, fourth generation 4G in 2010 and finally the fifth generation 5G under the planning and development launch in present market of 2020. Difference Between 4G AND 5G: here in present scenario the 4G systems are LTE-A and Wi-Max, 3G systems are UMTS and LTE and 2G system is GSM. Beyond these systems 5G radio access system uses together novel radio access technologies RAT and also the current wireless technologies LTE, HSPA, GSM and finally the Wi-Fi With the advancement of every generation (i.e., starting from the voice-only systems to today’s intelligent communication systems), the mobile network introduces new use cases and services, shown in Table 1 [1–4]. Until the 5G networks, all the new use cases and services were introduced to attract more human users to the mobile network. However, the 5G networks open up a new horizon and promise that the mobile network will be used for human-centric applications. It will also interconnect billions of smart devices autonomously while ensuring security and privacy [5,6]. The 5G network will enable the emerging services that include remote monitoring and real-time control of a diverse range of smart devices. It will support machine-to-machine (M2M) services and Internet of Things (IoT), such as connected cars, connected homes, moving robots, and sensors, etc. [7,8]. The 5G network evolution is well underway, and it has progressed swiftly since the 3GPP standardized the first 5G NR (New Radio) release (release 15) in mid-2018, shown in Figure 1 [9]. The leading mobile network operators (MNOs) in several regions of the world have already launched the first commercial 5G NR networks with mid-bands (i.e., 3–6 GHz) with the existing 4G cell sites, resulting in a significant performance boost [9–11]. However, the 5G network is projected to reach 40 percent population coverage and 1.9 billion subscriptions by 2024, corresponding to 20 percent of all mobile subscriptions [8]. These figures indicate that it will be the fastest global rollout so far. Moreover, smartphones generated data traffic is about 90 percent and is estimated to reach 95 percent by the end of 2024 [10]. With the continued growth of smartphone usage, the worldwide mobile data

Conclusion

This survey article illustrates the emergence of 5G, its evolution from 1G to 5G mobile network, applications, different research groups, their work, and the key features of 5G. It is not just a mobile broadband network, different from all the previous mobile network generations; it offers services like IoT, V2X, and Industry 4.0. This paper covers a detailed survey from multiple authors on different technologies in 5G, such as massive MIMO, NonOrthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), millimeter wave, small cell, MEC (Mobile Edge Computing), beamforming, optimization, and machine learning in 5G. After each section, a tabular comparison covers all the state-of-theresearch held in these technologies. This survey also shows the importance of these newly added technologies and building a flexible, scalable, and reliable 5G network